The fort was also the site of a concentration camp for about 1,600 Dakota people after the end of the U.S.-Dakota war, mostly women, children, and the elderly. Samuel J. ". From the St. Paul Daily Press, Nov. 8, 1862, But as the train of wagons and riders passed through Henderson, Minnesota, they were attacked by what Samuel J. They were placed on boats which transported the men from Mankato to Davenport, Iowa where they were imprisoned for an additional three years. In early May, the army put the Dakota captives from the Fort Snelling camp aboard steamers and took them to a desolate reservation at Crow Creek, Dakota Territory. While imprisoned, Sakpedan supposedly heard a steam engine pass by Fort Snelling and was quoted as saying, "'There—that is what has driven us away. IMAGE - The concentration camp at Fort Snelling where Dakota Nation people were held during the winter following the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862. On April 22, 1863, the prisoners convicted by the military commission who had been imprisoned at Mankato but were spared execution were sent by steamboat to a military prison in Davenport, Iowa. Tales of bricks and rocks being used as weapons, boiling water poured on women and children, and loss of life are a result of the attacks of angry settlers on the Dakota. but friendly Indians, women, and children. U.S.-Dakota War Oral History Project. Many see the fort as a symbol of genocide and call for it … When he arrived, Sibley took the Dakota into the custody of the US military. William McKusick, superintendent of the "Indian Camp" at Fort Snelling conducted a census of the Indians under surveillance of the United States military during the winter following the 1862 Dakota War, together with an inventory of property. At the Fort Snelling concentration camp, there wasn’t adequate food, shelter and there was a lot of sickness and illness. It was used as a base for mustering Union troops in and out of the army, organizing supplies, and recruitment. Enslaved African Americans and the Fight for Freedom, "The Removal from Minnesota of the Sioux and Winnebago Indians." In speaking to the press before leaving the agency, Marshall said: I would risk my life for the protection of these helpless beings, and would feel everlastingly disgraced if any evil befell them while in my charge. Wiyaka Sinte Win or Tail Feather Woman, a Dakota woman who had a vision about the construction of a The painful legacy of the concentration camp at Fort Snelling is still apparent today in Dakota communities. Dakota Concentration Camp display at Fort Snelling St. Park | Native American Minnesota Dakota Concentration Camp display at Fort Snelling St. Park Back in February, my wife Robbie and I did the candlelight walk at Fort Snelling State Park under a bright moon. Indigenous noncombatants in the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862 were held in a concentration camp at Ft. Snelling. A Dakota woman and her child in the concentration camp, 1862 or 1863.Source: MNHS Collections. Brown, and Others, while Prisoners of the Hostile Sioux, during the Massacre and War of 1862," Mankato Weekly Review, April 6, 13, 20, 27, May 4, 11, 1897. A Dakota boy at the Fort Snelling prison compound in 1863. MNHS openings and announcements. (PDF), "What You May Not Know About the Fort Snelling Indian Camps. Fort Snelling is also a painful place due to its central role in the U.S.-Dakota War of 1862. St. Paul: Prairie Smoke Press, 2006. Consider the new vision’s emphasis on what MHS calls “The Fort Snelling Concentration Camp.” It was the stockaded compound below the fort where some … As many as 300 men, women and children died here during the Dakota War, killed by disease and exposure in Fort Snelling's concentration camps. In it, he argued that his abduction from Canada made his trial by US authorities invalid. army officer: Men, you’ll be at this reception center about five days. The removal of the Ho-Chunk people coincided with that of the Dakota. Numerous Dakota who had not participated in the war, as well as some who had, met Sibley's army at a place that came to be called Camp Release. Men, women, and children, armed with guns, knives, clubs, and stones, rushed upon the Indians as the train was passing by, and, before the soldiers could interfere and stop them, succeeded in pulling many of the old men and women, and even children, from the wagons by the hair of the head and beating them, and otherwise inflicting injury upon the helpless and miserable creatures. In December soldiers built a concentration camp, a wooden stockade more than 12 feet high enclosing an area of two or three acres, on the river bottom. . My great-uncle, drafted while his family was still behind barbed wire, trained at Fort Snelling. . • Ticketing Policy. At the time, and ever since, the legal authority of the commission and the procedures it followed have been questioned. Treat, November 5, 1862. Fort Snelling became a center for marshalling supplies, stock, and troops for these efforts. On May 4th of 1863, Dakhóta people who had been imprisoned at a concentration camp below Fort Snelling at Bdóte were taken by … Map by Philip Schwartzberg, courtesy Pond Dakota Heritage Society; annotations adapted from “The Dakota Conflict--A Brief Chronology,” Minnesota’s Heritage, vol. A memorial plaque at Fort Snelling says at least 130 of the Dakota died during the cold winter months of captivity. The state's military forces came under federal control on September 16, when Major General John Pope assumed command of the newly created Military Department of the Northwest. The Dakota spent the winter at this camp. Photographer: Whitney's Gallery. From the spring of 1863 until the late summer of 1864, Dakota who had surrendered or been captured by the army were held at the Fort Snelling stockade before being exiled from Minnesota. Between the Civil War and World War II, Fort Snelling served as an Shortly after, Marshall and his soldiers moved the Dakota to the river bottom directly below the fort. The commission made it clear within the specifications that they deemed the two men as having been "under the protection of the United States" when the war began, and that opposing US forces and the killing of US soldiers during the war were considered crimes. For a brief time, the US army held hundreds of Ho-Chunk at Fort Snelling before they, too, were removed from the state. Sibley arrested several New Ulm men, accusing them of coordinating the attack and forcing them to accompany the convoy to Mankato in order to prevent further violence against the prisoners. Photographer: Benjamin Franklin Upton, 1863. This wood engraving was done in November, 1862. On November 8, 1862, Sibley and his military forces began the journey to move the 303 condemned men from the Lower Sioux Agency to a prison camp in Mankato where the executions were to take place. Protesters are challenging the proposed funding for the renovation of Historic Fort Snelling, the site of a 19th century concentration camp where several hundred imprisoned Dakota people died of starvation and disease while 1,600 Williamstown, MA: Corner House, 1971. . Over the course of three weeks, a military commission tried 392 Dakota men for their participation in the war and sentenced 303 of them to death. When news of Dakota attacks reached St. Paul, Governor Ramsey appointed Henry Sibley a colonel in the state's military forces and commander of the army that would march against the Dakota.

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